Pulmonology in Turkey ? Advanced Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung and Respiratory Diseases
Introduction
Pulmonology is a highly specialized branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis and treatment of lung and respiratory system disorders. It addresses a wide range of conditions, from asthma and chronic cough to lung cancer, COPD, tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism, and sleep apnea.
At SkyUp Health, we collaborate with Turkey?s leading pulmonologists and internationally accredited hospitals equipped with state-of-the-art diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. Our goal is to provide patients with accurate diagnosis, modern treatment methods, and personalized care for both acute and chronic respiratory diseases.
Major Diseases Treated in Pulmonology
1. Lung Cancer
One of the most common and serious lung conditions, often caused by smoking or environmental factors.
- Symptoms: Persistent cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, hemoptysis (coughing blood).
- Treatment: Surgery (VATS or robotic thoracic surgery), chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiation therapy.
2. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
A progressive disease usually linked to smoking or air pollution.
- Symptoms: Shortness of breath, chronic cough, wheezing, fatigue.
- Treatment: Pulmonary rehabilitation, inhalers, bronchodilators, oxygen therapy, and in advanced cases, lung volume reduction surgery.
3. Asthma ; Allergic Lung Diseases
Chronic inflammation of the airways caused by allergens, pollution, or genetic factors.
- Symptoms: Wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, nighttime cough.
- Treatment: Inhaled corticosteroids, biologic therapies, allergy management, and lifestyle changes.
4. Pneumonia
Infection of the lung tissue caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
- Symptoms: Cough with phlegm, fever, chest pain, fatigue, shortness of breath.
- Treatment: Antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and in severe cases, hospitalization with oxygen support.
5. Pulmonary Embolism
A life-threatening condition caused by blood clots blocking lung arteries.
- Symptoms: Sudden chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, fainting.
- Treatment: Anticoagulants (blood thinners), thrombolytic therapy, and minimally invasive catheter procedures to dissolve clots.
6. Chronic Cough ; Sleep Apnea
- Chronic Cough: Lasting longer than 3 weeks, often linked to asthma, reflux, or lung disease. Requires careful diagnosis to identify the underlying cause.
- Sleep Apnea: Pauses in breathing during sleep causing daytime fatigue, snoring, and cardiovascular risks. Diagnosed with polysomnography (sleep studies) and treated with CPAP devices, oral appliances, or minimally invasive surgery.
7. Other Pulmonary Disorders
- Tuberculosis (TB) ? Requires long-term antibiotic therapy.
- Atelectasis / Pneumothorax ? Collapsed lung requiring urgent medical care.
- Pleurisy ; Sarcoidosis ? Inflammatory lung diseases requiring advanced diagnostic imaging and multidisciplinary care.
Advanced Diagnostic and Treatment Methods in Pulmonology
At SkyUp Health partner hospitals, patients benefit from cutting-edge technologies:
- Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs): Assess lung capacity and airflow.
- Radiological Imaging: High-resolution CT, MRI, and PET scans for accurate lung disease detection.
- Bronchoscopy ; Robotic Bronchoscopy: Minimally invasive examination and biopsy of the airways using flexible or robotic scopes.
- Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS): Real-time imaging for lung cancer staging and lymph node evaluation.
- Sleep Laboratory Studies: Full overnight monitoring for diagnosing sleep apnea and other sleep-related breathing disorders.
- Lung Biopsy ; Elastography: For early diagnosis of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and lung tumors.
Why Choose Pulmonology in Turkey?
? Expert pulmonologists with international experience
? Robotic ; minimally invasive surgical options for faster recovery
? World-class hospitals with advanced intensive care and sleep labs
? Affordable treatment packages compared to Europe ; UK
? Comprehensive multidisciplinary care (oncology, cardiology, thoracic surgery, rehabilitation)
Why SkyUp Health?
At SkyUp Health, we ensure that every patient receives:
- Access to Turkey?s leading pulmonology specialists
- 24/7 patient coordination including flights, visa support, airport transfers
- All-inclusive packages covering hospital care, accommodation, and interpretation services
- Personalized rehabilitation programs to restore respiratory health
- Continuous follow-up care even after you return home
Conclusion
Pulmonology plays a vital role in the early detection, treatment, and prevention of lung and respiratory diseases. With advanced technologies such as robotic bronchoscopy, endobronchial ultrasound, minimally invasive thoracic surgery, and sleep medicine labs, Turkey is at the forefront of modern pulmonology.
? At SkyUp Health, we are committed to helping patients breathe better, live longer, and regain their quality of life with expert care in Turkey?s most advanced hospitals.
Hemodialysis in Turkey ? Advanced Dialysis Care for Kidney Health
Introduction
Hemodialysis is a vital treatment for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal failure, when the kidneys can no longer filter blood effectively. The kidneys normally regulate electrolytes, blood pressure, vitamin D activation, red blood cell production, and waste removal. When they fail, harmful toxins such as urea, creatinine, phosphorus, and potassium build up in the bloodstream, leading to life-threatening complications.
Hemodialysis, also called an artificial kidney treatment, performs this critical filtering process. With the help of a dialyzer (specialized filter), blood is removed from the body, cleaned, and safely returned. While kidney transplantation remains the only definitive cure for irreversible renal failure, hemodialysis provides life-saving support and significantly improves quality of life.
At SkyUp Health, we work with Turkey?s most advanced dialysis centers and nephrologists to provide safe, effective, and affordable hemodialysis programs, designed around each patient?s medical and personal needs.
Conditions Requiring Hemodialysis
Hemodialysis is recommended for patients with advanced kidney failure or those experiencing severe symptoms such as:
- Persistent weakness and fatigue
- Shortness of breath and fluid retention
- Swelling (edema) in the legs, ankles, and face
- Nausea, loss of appetite, and weight loss
- Sleep disturbances and hiccups
- Abnormal bleeding or metabolic imbalance
A nephrologist will confirm the need for dialysis after reviewing medical history, blood and urine tests, imaging, and kidney function (GFR) results.
How Hemodialysis Works
Hemodialysis is typically performed 3 times per week, each session lasting 3?5 hours.
Treatment steps:
- Blood is drawn through vascular access (fistula, graft, or catheter).
- Blood passes through a dialyzer filter, where toxins and extra fluids are removed with a special solution called dialysate.
- Cleaned blood is returned safely to the patient?s circulation.
Throughout treatment, modern hemodialysis machines continuously monitor blood pressure, electrolytes, and fluid balance, ensuring maximum safety.
Vascular Access Methods
- Catheter (Temporary Access): Used in urgent cases, inserted through the neck, chest, or groin. Effective for short-term dialysis.
- Fistula (Arteriovenous Fistula ? AVF): The gold standard for long-term hemodialysis. Created surgically by connecting an artery and vein, it provides strong blood flow and can last for years.
- Graft Access: Used when veins are unsuitable. An artificial vessel is surgically implanted to connect artery and vein, ready for dialysis after 2?3 weeks of healing.
Lifestyle ; Patient Care During Hemodialysis
Successful dialysis requires more than medical treatment ? it depends on patient discipline and lifestyle changes:
- Follow dialysis sessions strictly without interruption.
- Limit fluid, salt, potassium, and phosphorus intake as prescribed.
- Maintain a kidney-friendly diet, supported by specialized dietitians.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol.
- Engage in light, regular exercise to improve circulation.
- Take prescribed supplements such as vitamin D or iron under medical supervision.
Modern Dialysis Technologies in Turkey
Turkey has become a leading destination for renal replacement therapies, using the latest innovations to ensure patient comfort and safety:
- High-flux dialyzers for more efficient toxin removal
- Hemodiafiltration (HDF) ? advanced method combining diffusion ; convection
- Online monitoring systems to track blood and fluid balance in real time
- Portable ; home hemodialysis programs for selected patients
- Integrated pre- and post-transplant dialysis care
- Comprehensive multidisciplinary teams including nephrology, cardiology, nutrition, and rehabilitation
Why Choose Hemodialysis in Turkey?
- World-class nephrologists with international expertise
- State-of-the-art dialysis centers with cutting-edge technology
- Affordable treatment packages ? up to 70% cheaper than in Europe or the UK
- Multidisciplinary care including nutritionists, cardiologists, and transplant specialists
- Patient-centered approach ensuring safety, comfort, and dignity
Why SkyUp Health?
At SkyUp Health, we provide:
- Access to Turkey?s leading dialysis centers and nephrologists
- Personalized treatment programs tailored to each patient?s medical needs
- 24/7 patient coordination including visa, flights, and transfers
- All-inclusive packages covering hospital care, accommodation, and interpreter services
- Long-term care support including transplant preparation and follow-up
Conclusion
Hemodialysis is an essential therapy for patients with chronic or end-stage kidney disease, helping to manage toxins, maintain fluid balance, and preserve life while awaiting a transplant. With modern dialysis technologies, expert nephrologists, and affordable care, Turkey has become one of the most reliable destinations for kidney treatments.
? At SkyUp Health, our mission is to provide not just dialysis, but comprehensive kidney care that restores comfort, dignity, and quality of life.